Enterprise Development, Culture and Management Assignment

Enterprise Development, Culture and Management - Assignment Example An entrepreneur is a risk taker. He is a unique person in the society with skills that are crucial for championing change. On the other hand, any individual who works as his own boss is considered as an entrepreneur. Entrepreneurship is a term that is often used interchangeably with innovation. Innovation can be referred to as an intentional process of change aimed at creating value by targeting opportunity and in quest of advantage. Entrepreneurship emphasizes on the creation of new products and services, new production processes, new organisational structures and the invention of new markets. New entrepreneurial ideas are those that can be commercialized and should be able to contribute greatly to the development process of the entire society. Entrepreneurship plays a very crucial part in economic development process. Economic development is usually influenced to a great extent by entrepreneurial activities. Innovation propels the economic growth and development of any country. The level of economic performance relies hugely on the level of technology used by firms. Research and development, which is characteristic of entrepreneurship, provides a great thrust to technological advancements in companies and hence production efficiency. Neo-classical economics acknowledges that economic growth is as a result of enhancements to the basic factors of production such as labour and capital, which is the main objective of entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship is characterised by competitive actions that spur market processes to success. The introduction of new activities in the market is essential for the development process of trade. Established firms as well as new entrants in the market develop new products that respond to the varyin g needs of consumers and thus contribute enormously to the development of the economy and betterment of the society (Wong et al 2005). Entrepreneurship and innovation are thus universal primary determinants of

Makes progress Essay Example for Free

Makes progress Essay Please be informed that I am hiring Steve Ripiey as sales representative. He is the most qualified candidate and his credentials are impressive. I would dare say they are just a little less than perfecta recent MBA from UCLA, a successful summer internship at AgFunds (graduated as top trainee), and a stint overseas as an economic analyst for the U. S. Government. More than what we see on paper, he is motivated, hungry, talented and ambitious. I talked to the guy and he is personable, quick-witted, bright, and an excellent conversationalist. He has the makings of a successful sales representative. He can win people and I believe he can turn this district upside down. This may be a melodramatic argument but this is what this company needs right now. This district has been in a slow state for the past 15 years and it needs shaking up. We have been losing customers for the past 15 years and we lost a lot of them. It was not because we had a black guy in-charge. It was poor management that brought us here. Now, we all know that we need a jump-start to make this company thrive again. And Steve is the powerhouse we need make it happen. We operate in a color-conscious district, I know, but we can use this to our advantage. We have a window of opportunity here to make something else happen. I am talking about a revolution. Our company is revitalizing and we should give it new blood. We will be having new clients. We will also be having new representatives. It is not a far-fetched idea that our new clients will learn to accept our new representatives irrespective of race or creed. We have not much to lose here. Our company is not in its prime right now. We are just starting anew. However, we have a lot to gain if we change our â€Å"unwritten policies† on hiring. There is a message we can make here with this decision to hire Steve. We are saying that we look at professionalism at everything we do and our clients can trust that we will also be professional in dealing with them. We hire because of competence and we hire only the best people irrespective of skin color. And that is a noble stand any company could make. On another note, we could at least give Steve a fighting chance. We owe it to him since he graduated as our top trainee. We should at least try to see how he performs out there in the field. I am confident that he can win the customers with his personality. He has the faculties to do so and I believe they will learn to accept him. I am confident that Steve has the capability to exceed our expectations. Rest assured that I have full confidence in him. There is no need to fear if we can not promote him if he fails his first assignment or if we lose profits because our customers will not buy from him. We will make his promotion dependent on his performance. If he performs well, he is promoted and we gain profits. If he does not, he does not get promoted. All we lose is the opportunity of sales. I am asking you not just to see the long run. See also the big picture. Racial inhospitality is limited only to certain regions. And unfortunately, we are in one of them. However, our company will grow much bigger in not so long now and Steve is too much of a talent to waste. See that it is possible that we will be operating in the multinational or international level in the near future. If we will not hire him in this district just because of limits set only by this district, we are being myopic and we will lose more. Steves career path is his own choice. He is smart. He is already aware of what he is going into if he takes this job. He knows the challenges he has to hurdle if he takes this job. But it is of great incentive to us if he still takes this job despite the circumstances. It means he is willing to take risks. We need someone like that right now. The same should go for uswe should also be willing to take risks. Think about the turtle: it only makes progress when it sticks its head out.

Political Speech -- Media

Discursive consciousness encourages politicians to partake in sharing one’s history. It is the speech that is a conversation or discourse between the potential and the intended audience. It is a personal campaign, relating platform to the laity in an effort to gain a true backing. That creates a profile. Through existential coherence, the insinuations of relatedness succor the public and the politician to find common ground, supplying elements of familiarity evoking a relatable and approachable persona. This public image is a configuration of the individual’s history, ideas, beliefs, and purpose, an oratorical resume of sorts. A Narrative of belonging would be displayed in the existential coherence of the campaign. Implications of specific regional qualifications render the potential apropos to the masses. In example [1] candidate Steve Evans, relegates his background, relishing his youth. Action of Narrative belonging entices the voters to identify the candidate as â€Å"one of us†. It is reinforcing the notion that he is not an outsider. Example [2] invites the audience to look into ...

Deriving Meaning from William Carlos Williams, The Young Housewife Ess

Deriving Meaning from William Carlos Williams', The Young Housewife Everything depends on perspective. The uniqueness we bring to our reading is essential to the absorption of poems with Imagist elements. An example of this is the poem, "The Young Housewife", by William Carlos Williams. Perhaps it was a streak of laziness on my part, but I had very little imagination to offer this poem. Having had no experience as such, I didn't identify with the young housewife, the fish-man, the ice-man, or even the dramatically fallen leaf. What I initially saw was a jumble of thoughts arranged neatly into three very brief verses. The biographical information about the author provided in the Third Edition of the Heath Anthology of American Literature ¹ describes Williams' writings as reflections on the "...disjunction of modern life in broken lines and flashes of incomplete thought." Exactly. Only, I was left to wonder how it could be that this was meant by the biographer to be complimentary. Seems to me that somewhere along the way I picked up the notion that incomplete thoughts were a bad thing.... Granted, the concept of Imagism is not lost on me. Read after read of this poem led me to believe that it is very true that reality is created in the act of our perceiving it. I could take on any perspective or mindset and find applicable passages that would lend themselves wholeheartedly to whatever arguments of meaning I could come up with. Perhaps I have an imagination after all. Considering the lack of natural meaning that I initially got out of the poem, I ended up doing a systematic dissection of the lines to extract a meaning I could expound upon. Despite the fact that doing this meant go... ...ing. Here we have the husband taking action in his own way to ensure that his leaf remain not only under a watchful eye, but also under the thumb of his silent, yet ultimately draining, power. Little thought is obviously given to whether the leaf itself remains young and vibrant or if it slowly dries up. Williams use of visual writing enables the poem to close with a vivid flourish and a tone of smugness as the narrator finally passes by with a bow and a smile. You sense the crushing of another leaf whom he'd help to fall unwittingly. It's a stretch, yes, but when you read the poem with the sympathy this theory evokes, its meaning is changed and so too is your view. There's suddenly a reason for this poem. 1.) Lauter, Paul (1998). pg. The Heath Anthology of American Literature, Third Edition. Houghton Mifflin, New York, NY

Supply reading

After reading this chapter, you will be able to: I. Identify the major drivers of supply chain performance. 2. Discuss the role of each driver in creating strategic fit between the supply chain strategy and the competitive strategy. 3. Detine the key metrics that track the performance of the supply chain in terms of each driver. In this chapter, we introduce the three logistical drivers-facilities, inventory, and transportation-and the three cross-functional drivers-information, sourcing, and pricing-that determine the performance of any supply chain.We discuss how these drivers are used in the design, planning, and operation of the supply chain. We define several metrics that can be used to gauge the performance of each driver. The strategic fit discussed in Chapter 2 requires that a company's supply chain achieve the balance between responsiveness and efficiency that best supports the company's competitive strategy. https://donemyessay.com/numbers-101-900-spanish-1-lopez/To understand how a compa- ny can improve supply chain performance in terms of responsiveness and efficiency, we must examine the logisti- cal and cross-functional drivers of supply chain performance: facilities, inventory, transportation, information, sourcing, and pricing. These drivers interact with each other to determine the supply chain's performance in terms of responsiveness and efficiency. The goal is to structure the drivers to achieve the desired level of responsiveness at the lowest possible cost. First we define each driver and discuss its impact on the performance of the supply chain. . Facilities are the actual physical locations in the supply chain network where product is stored, assembled, or fabricated. The two major types of facilities are production sites and storage sites. Decisions regarding the role, location, capacity, and flexibility of facilities have a significant impact on the supply chain's performa nce. For instance, an auto parts distributor striving for responsiveness could have many warehousing facilities located close to customers even though this practice reduces efficiency.Alternatively, a high-efficiency distributor would have fewer warehouses to increase efficiency despite the fact that this practice will reduce responsiveness. 2. Inventory encompasses all raw materials, work in process, and finished goods within a supply chain. Changing inventory policies can dramatically alter the supply chain's efficiency and responsiveness. For example, 41 42 Part I †¢ Building a Strategic Framework to Analyze Supply Chains a clothing retailer can make itself more responsive by stocking large amounts of inventory and satisfying customer demand from stock.A large inventory, however, increases the retailer's cost, thereby making it less efficient. Spanish apparel retailer Zara has worked hard to shorten new product and replenishment lead times. As a result, the company is very r esponsive but carries low levels of inventory. Zara thus provides responsiveness at low cost. 3. Transportation entails moving inventory from point to point in the supply chain. Transportation can take the form of many combinations of modes and routes, each with its own performance characteristics. Transportation choices have a large impact on supply chain respon- siveness and efficiency.For example, a mail-order catalog company can use a faster mode of . ‘ transportation such as FedEx to ship products, thus making its supply chain more responsive, but also less efficient given the high costs associated with using FedEx. McMaster-Carr and W. W. Grainger, however, have structured their supply chain to provide next-day service to most of their customers using ground transportation. They are providing a high level of responsiveness at lower cost. 4. Information consists of data and analysis concerning facilities, inventory, transportation, costs, prices, and customers tthroughout the supply chain.Information is potentially the biggest driver of performance in the supply chain because it directly affects each of the other drivers. Information presents management with the oopportunity to make supply chains more responsive and more efficient. For example, with information on. customer demand patterns, a pharmaceuti- cal company can produce and stock drugs in anticipation of customer demand, which makes the supply chain very responsive because customers will find the drugs they need when they need them.This demand information can also make the supply chain more efticient because the phar- maceutical firm is better able to forecast demand and produce only the required amount. Seven- Eleven Japan has used information to increase the responsiveness it provides while also lowering cost. 5. Sourcing is the choice of who will perform a particular supply chain aactivity such as pro- duction, storage, transportation, or the management of information. At the strategic l evel, these decisions determine what functions a firm performs and what functions the firm outsources.Sourcing decisions affect both the responsiveness and efficiency of a supply chain. After Motorola outsourced much of its production to contract manufacturers in China, it saw its effi- ciency improve but its responsiveness suffer because of the long distances. To make up for the drop in responsiveness, Motorola started flying in some of its cell phones from China even though this choice increased transportation cost. Flextronics, an electronics contract manufactur- er, is hoping to offer both responsive and efficient sourcing options to its customers.It is trying to make its production facilities in the United States very responsive while keeping its facilities in low-cost countries efficient. Flextronics hopes to become an effective source for all customers using this combination of facilities. 6. Pricing determines how much a firm will charge for goods and services that it makes available in the supply chain. Pricing affects the behavior of the buyer of the good or service, thus affecting supply chain performance.For example, if a transportation company varies its charges based on the lead time provided by the customers, it is very likely that customers who value effi- ciency will order early and customers who value responsiveness will be willing to wait and order just before they need a product transported. Differential pricing provides reoponsiveness to customers that value it and low cost to customers that do nor value responsiveness as much. Our definition of these drivers attempts to delineate logistics and supply chain manage- ment.Supply chain management includes the use of logistical and cross-functional drivers to increase the supply chain surplus. Cross-functional drivers have become increasingly important in raising the supply chain surplus in recent years. While logistics remains a major part, supply chain management is increasingly becoming foc used on the three cross-functional drivers. It is important to realize that these drivers do not act independently but interact with each other to determine the overall supply chain performance. Good supply chain design and operation Chapter 3 †¢ Supply Chain Drivers and Metrics 43 ecognizes this interaction and makes the appropriate trade-offs to deliver the desired level of responsiveness. Consider, for example, the furniture industry in the United States. Low-cost furni- ture sourced from Asia is available at many discount retailers. The primary goal of this supply chain is to deliver a low price and acceptable quality. Vvariety is typically low and retailers such as Wal-Mart stock inventory of finished goods. The low vvariety and stable replenishment orders allow furniture manufacturers in Asia to focus on efficiency. Given the available inventory, low- cost modes of transportation from Asia are used.In this instance, relatively low-cost inventory at the retailer allows the supply chain to become efficient by lowering transportation and production costs. In contrast, some U. S. furniture makers have chosen to focus on providing vvariety. Given the high vvariety and high prices, keeping inventory of all variants at a retailer would be very expensive. In this case the supply chain has been designed so the retailer carries very little inven- tory. Customers place their orders with the retailer by seeing one variant of the furniture and selecting among the various options.The supply chain is made responsive by using information technology to convey order information effectively, structuring very flexible manufacturing facil- ities to be able to produce in small lots, and using responsive transportation to deliver the furniture to the customer. In this instance, responsive facilities, transportation, and information are used to lower inventory costs. As the rest of this chapter will illustrate, the key to achieving strategic fit across the supply chain is to structure the supply chain drivers appropriately to provide the desired level of responsiveness.

Free Essays on Night Of The Scorpion

There are many instances in the poem that the writer has used language to create impressions and contrasts. In using the word ‘diabolic’ (line 3) for instance, the scorpion is seen as being an evil or cruel creature. The poet also uses the metaphor of ‘the Evil One’ (line 5) to describe the scorpion. This contrasts with the his overall portrayal of the scorpion as not being the villain as it was ‘driven’ (line 2) from the constant rain to take shelter beneath a sack of rice and then having to ‘risk the rain again’ (line 4) after the peasants came, presumably scared of them. Another contrast is found when the neighbours have ‘peace of understanding’ (line 14) while the poet’s mother lay ‘twisted†¦groaning on a mat’ (line 16). It is incongruous that they are at peace because of her pain. They are not doing anything apparent to the woman while she is suffering. The poet compares the peasants to ‘swarm of flies’ (line 4). This is striking as flies are insects and scorpions are arachnids. He uses an insect image as a reaction to the arachnid’s sting. He further extends the simile when he describes how the villagers ‘buzzed the Name of God’ (line 5). This gives the reader an impression that he finds them an irritant. This impression is reinforced by the following line: ‘More candles, more lanterns, / More neighbours...’ (lines 14 and 15). This clearly shows his frustration as more and more peasants arrive with candles and lanterns but not doing much else to actively relieve the pain his mother is going through. Another instance of the poet’s uneasiness with the neighbours is evident when he describes how their candles and lanterns throw ‘giant scorpion shadows’ (line 6). Since the scorpion has parted, the images on the walls have to be those of the neighbours – shaped like a scorpion. He seems to imply that they are more of a burden than help. The poet effectively portrays a sens... Free Essays on Night Of The Scorpion Free Essays on Night Of The Scorpion There are many instances in the poem that the writer has used language to create impressions and contrasts. In using the word ‘diabolic’ (line 3) for instance, the scorpion is seen as being an evil or cruel creature. The poet also uses the metaphor of ‘the Evil One’ (line 5) to describe the scorpion. This contrasts with the his overall portrayal of the scorpion as not being the villain as it was ‘driven’ (line 2) from the constant rain to take shelter beneath a sack of rice and then having to ‘risk the rain again’ (line 4) after the peasants came, presumably scared of them. Another contrast is found when the neighbours have ‘peace of understanding’ (line 14) while the poet’s mother lay ‘twisted†¦groaning on a mat’ (line 16). It is incongruous that they are at peace because of her pain. They are not doing anything apparent to the woman while she is suffering. The poet compares the peasants to ‘swarm of flies’ (line 4). This is striking as flies are insects and scorpions are arachnids. He uses an insect image as a reaction to the arachnid’s sting. He further extends the simile when he describes how the villagers ‘buzzed the Name of God’ (line 5). This gives the reader an impression that he finds them an irritant. This impression is reinforced by the following line: ‘More candles, more lanterns, / More neighbours...’ (lines 14 and 15). This clearly shows his frustration as more and more peasants arrive with candles and lanterns but not doing much else to actively relieve the pain his mother is going through. Another instance of the poet’s uneasiness with the neighbours is evident when he describes how their candles and lanterns throw ‘giant scorpion shadows’ (line 6). Since the scorpion has parted, the images on the walls have to be those of the neighbours – shaped like a scorpion. He seems to imply that they are more of a burden than help. The poet effectively portrays a sens...

How to Write A Bestselling Novel From a Characters Viewpoint

How to Write A Bestselling Novel From a Characters Viewpoint Show Don’t Tell: Write from Your Character's Viewpoint Last updated: 07/10/2017This is a guest post by Kristen Stieffel, a writing coach specializing in speculative fiction. She has edited nonfiction, Bible studies, and novels for the general market and the Christian submarket and teaches at writers conferences.Last time, we looked at narrators in fiction and likened viewpoint to a camera. The narrator is like a cameraman, recording events. His voice is distinct from those of the characters. The narrator acts as an intermediary between reader and character. If we give the viewpoint â€Å"camera† to the characters, we eliminate the middleman, producing a deeper bond with readers.Follow Reedsy and Kristen Stieffel on Twitter: @ReedsyHQ and @KristenStieffelWhat viewpoint do you use for your fiction? Have you tried writing from your characters' point of view? Leave us your thoughts, or any questions for Kristen, in the comments below!

Greek and Roman essay essays

Greek and Roman essay essays As the Greek and Roman empires arose vastly throughout Europe, new ideas that would change the way the Europe and the world would handle things were spread across the globe. Changes in governmental policies, art, and philosophy influenced European culture, inducing future cultures to model their ideas and policies after the Greeks and Romans. The expansion of these empires encouraged cultural diffusion, blending the culture of the two empires into the land it conquered. Ancient Greece passed on a new form of government and governmental policies to European culture. The most important of these governmental policies is democracy. Democracy gave an equal vote to every man, under certain circumstances, on issues concerning the welfare of Grecian city-states. These circumstances limited the number of men that were able to participate in debates, leaving mainly wealthy landowners to run the government. The citizens that made up the democracy would settle issues such as choosing most government officials from the citizenry through a lottery and developed the idea of placing limits on the officials term. This original form of government has had a lost lasting affect on the European world, providing a basis for the governments of future civilizations to come. The Ancient Romans also passed on a form of governmental policies to European culture, but these policies differed from that of Ancient Greece. Although the power was not entirely in the hands of the citizens of Rome, they still had some power and decision making rights that would help shape the government. As in the Grecian democracy, male citizens participated in the Assembly, which could pass laws, elect magistrates, and declare war. No free discussion took place at Roman assemblies, and citizens could only approve or reject proposals presented by a magistrate, rather then present their own. Although this was a limited form of a government run by the people, it was ...

People go to work for money (critical assessment) Essay

People go to work for money (critical assessment) - Essay Example At the same time, a number of theories in management have seen a different level of job satisfaction that leads to increased productivity. In some people, money plays a great role in ensuring that they work while in some it does not. For instance, as Maslow suggested in his hierarchy of needs model, an individual has to meet their most basic needs to be motivated and work even harder at the workplace. In the lowest level, one needs to meet some of the biological needs that include shelter and food among others. Without this basic need, one is likely not to perform better in the workplace. However, if they are paid to work so that they can meet some of their needs, they are likely to work even harder to enhance their reputation and even earn more. Which affirms the fact that some people got to work for money. In the United Kingdom, there has been a steadily increasing index of people living in poverty. By the year 2013, there were about 10.6 million people living in poverty which has increased from 9.7 million as of 2012 (Croucher, 2014). In fact, a high crime and poverty among people in Seacroft in Leeds has led to increased crimes that at last led to the vacation of residents of the council houses. Lack of employment has been among the highest causes of poverty in the kingdom, which then makes it clear that most people got work to meet their basic needs for the little cash that they make at their places of work. However, majority of others, who have already achieved most of the basic needs, got work for the fact that they love what they are doing and due to the success, they are experiencing in their different disciplines. Northouse, (2012) from his article, confirms that a number of people would get to work even if they were paid or not. For instance, people in the Soviet Union, were able to go to work early for several months even

Cross Cultural Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Cross Cultural Management - Essay Example Migration has been a chief source of growth in Australia’s population over the last few years, accounting for 44% of the population increase since 1979 Jupp (2001, p.88). Certainly, overseas immigration is the most important component in the population growth of Australia. Linguistically and culturally varied people comprise a considerable percentage of the West Australian population. The phrase â€Å"culturally and linguistically varied† refers to individuals and groups of people who differ in terms of ethnicity, religion, language and race, with an exception of people whose ancestry is Aboriginal, Anglo-Celtic or Anglo-Saxon. The widely used abbreviation for this group is CALD, â€Å"Culturally and Linguistically Diverse.† This report aims at highlighting several management issues related with diversity, especially between Malaysia and Australia. The report bases its contents on an interview conducted with the CEO of iNOVA Pharmaceutical, Andrew Howden regardin g his experiences as a CEO in Australia and other countries such as Malaysia, Philippines and Singapore. It also bases its findings and discussions on another interview with a Malaysian insider, Ralph, who was born and raised in Malaysia, but relocated to Australia. The report begins with a background analysis of iNOVA pharmaceuticals, the CaLD stakeholders and relevant information on the CALD group. What follows is a summary of the interviews’ results, stating the CEO’s and the insider’s comments, experiences and views on several management issues. The report will then offer a literature review and discussion of the results by offering more information on the role and significance of CALD on Australian business and management, and management and operations differ between Australia and Asian countries, especially Malaysia. In this section; it will focus on the benefits of having a multicultural workforce, in relation to the interview. Before concluding, the repo rt offers recommendations on how to handle problems created by diversity. 2.0 Background iNova Pharmaceuticals (Australia), is the corporate headquarters for â€Å"iNOVA* operations. The company is leading in consumer healthcare, with specialty prescription brands in over fifteen countries including Asia Pacific, New Zealand, Africa regions and Australia. The company was borne out of Riker Laboratory and 3M pharmaceutical fifty years ago, and presently maintains a broad spectrum of products as well as the ability to develop and acquire new products. Providing new opportunities and bringing new talents are fundamental to iNOVA The CALD stakeholder is Malaysia, a Southeast Asian federal constitutional monarchy. The country has a total of 13 states and three territories. Malaysia has a â€Å"freedom of religion† clause in its constitution despite maintaining Islam as its state religion. 61.3% of Malaysians practice Islam while Buddhism, Taoism, Christianity, Confucianism, Hindu ism and several Chinese religions, shares the remaining percentage. Malaysian official language is Bahasa Malaysia, while English is an active second language. The country has a multilingual, multicultural and multi ethnic society. 3.0 Results a) Interview with iNOVA CEO: account and perspective In an interview with Andrew Howden, the CEO of iNova Pharmaceutical, the CEO pointed out several potential difficulties pertaining to the management of people of different cultures and religious backgrounds. The main culture in question was the Malaysian culture, with emphasis on the Muslim religion. The aim of the interview was to establish the potential difficulties that managers must overcome in order to manager people of differe

Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 10

Proposal - Essay Example Moreover, the kinds of issues raised by this saga are concentrated on interesting for this social group ordinary relations within family and school institutions, romantic love, and superpowers. Thus, analyzing this text enables discovery of the main messages that are accepted by contemporary adolescents in terms of Hollywood cultural industry, Twihards fan culture, and phenomenon of contemporary globalization process. For this purpose, both text written by Stephanie Mayer and its film adaptation are considered in the current research. In case of Hollywood cultural industry, the way the screening of Twilight saga happened was made in a standardized way described by Theodor Adorno. In this context, regular referring to the movie’s celebrities in general and romantic real love between main actors in particular is reflected in the usual way Hollywood movies are promoted nowadays. Therefore, the way Twilight Saga was presented on the screen determines the whole context of teenagers’ behavior and ideals in the society. As for fan culture, the fact that most Twihards (Twilight fans) have female gender corresponds with the observation made by Henry Jenkins on distinguishing eroticized fans from all the others. But, this approach should applied not only on exotic forms of culture but also in such an ordinary case of customer culture. Thus, the fan communities should be also considered from the Gender Studies perspective. Finally, contemporary globalization with the phenomenon of â€Å"eating the other† stated in Hook’s essay is literally used in Twilight. In particular, Edward Callen and all the members of his family have extremely white skin. Moreover, they are superior to all the others as they are able to kill by eating blood. And so, in this case Hook’s theory can be applied even more accurately than the author supposed to use it. In context

Smoking in Public Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Smoking in Public - Essay Example These are particles that are both medically dangers, as well as obstructing the quality of view of the surrounding area (‘Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report’). Studies have also demonstrated significant improvements in air quality after smoking bans were established (‘Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report’). This data indicates that smoking in public significantly hinders air quality. While there are many arguments supporting the ban of smoking in public places, there also exist a number of counter-arguments to this contention. Even as medical evidence has emerged that strongly demonstrates the detrimental health impacts of second-hand smoke, a number of civil rights activists have argued that this does not constitute a significant enough reason to restrict the rights of others. Indeed, a number of counter-arguments to smoking bans have emerged that list the restriction of human rights as a significant objection (Hoggart). Perspectives within this realm o f thought argue that since smoking is legalized they should subsequently be granted the right to smoke in public places. In this context of understanding one considers that although smoking in public has a detrimental medical affect, it is more of an infringement of individuals rights to restrict this action. Another prominent argument supporting smoking bans is that in allowing smoking in public places the air quality is significantly affected in negative ways. Counter-arguments to this claim emerge along a number of lines. Similar to the argument that smoking bans infringe on human rights, the argument that smoking in public places causes air pollution is objected to on the grounds that restricting this constitutes a significant human rights violation. In addition to these arguments, a number of... The paper shows the prominent argument against smoking in public is the significant impact it has on air quality. From a qualitative perspective, one notes that the smoke that emerges from cigarettes can be pervasive to the point of obstructing individual’s views of surrounding scenery, or significantly hindering the public atmosphere and environment. In the report we can find out many arguments supporting the ban of smoking in public places, there also exist a number of counter-arguments to this contention. Even as medical evidence has emerged that strongly demonstrates the detrimental health impacts of second-hand smoke, a number of civil rights activists have argued that this does not constitute a significant enough reason to restrict the rights of others. Indeed, a number of counter-arguments to smoking bans have emerged that list the restriction of human rights as a significant objection. In conclusion, this essay has considered arguments in favor and against banning smoking in public places. Supporting arguments have indicated that smoking in public holds significant negative medical impacts for both the smoker and individuals suffering from the secondhand smoke. Smoking is also demonstrated to cause significant air pollution. Counter-arguments to these claims contend that banning smoking is both an infringement on individual rights and bad for businesses. Ultimately, it’s demonstrated that banning smoking is the most socially responsible action to take, as this prohibition holds the greatest benefit for the greatest amount of people.

Evolve Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Evolve - Article Example The worst decision that a company can make is to the same. However, maintaining the current business framework might have short-term benefits as it may help the company survive in the foreseen future. This however fails to generate the competitive advantage that is important for the long- term survival of the business. The bottom line is that companies need to change to ensure their prolonged survival through the recession. Companies are going through the worst recession in history and the only way they can survive through it is by changing the methods they use to carry out business. This also enables the company to gain a competitive advantage over its rivals in the market. Forces of globalization, increasing competition, changing customer needs and scarcity of resources have been mounting increasing pressure on businesses in the modern world to evolve (Pentilla, 2009). Generally, introducing and managing change in companies can be difficult. Therefore, companies need to be equipped with the necessary tools and adopt appropriate mechanisms effectively implement the change and adopt a new style of doing things. There are seven steps that can be followed by companies in the process to change their game. The first step is getting comfortable with the chaos in the current business environment. The forces of globalization and technological advancements lead to regular economic turbulence. This step begins by accepting that there is need to change the way things are done within an entity. It is important to note that there are continuous disruptions between periods of prosperity and economic downturns and companies cannot forecast when they are bound to occur. It is therefore important for companies to keep up with market trends and make relevant changes in their business model (Pentilla, 2009). The second step in effectively changing a company’s game is by reevaluating the customers’ values. The economic recession has led to a drastic change in the

Smoking in Public Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Smoking in Public - Essay Example These are particles that are both medically dangers, as well as obstructing the quality of view of the surrounding area (‘Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report’). Studies have also demonstrated significant improvements in air quality after smoking bans were established (‘Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report’). This data indicates that smoking in public significantly hinders air quality. While there are many arguments supporting the ban of smoking in public places, there also exist a number of counter-arguments to this contention. Even as medical evidence has emerged that strongly demonstrates the detrimental health impacts of second-hand smoke, a number of civil rights activists have argued that this does not constitute a significant enough reason to restrict the rights of others. Indeed, a number of counter-arguments to smoking bans have emerged that list the restriction of human rights as a significant objection (Hoggart). Perspectives within this realm o f thought argue that since smoking is legalized they should subsequently be granted the right to smoke in public places. In this context of understanding one considers that although smoking in public has a detrimental medical affect, it is more of an infringement of individuals rights to restrict this action. Another prominent argument supporting smoking bans is that in allowing smoking in public places the air quality is significantly affected in negative ways. Counter-arguments to this claim emerge along a number of lines. Similar to the argument that smoking bans infringe on human rights, the argument that smoking in public places causes air pollution is objected to on the grounds that restricting this constitutes a significant human rights violation. In addition to these arguments, a number of... The paper shows the prominent argument against smoking in public is the significant impact it has on air quality. From a qualitative perspective, one notes that the smoke that emerges from cigarettes can be pervasive to the point of obstructing individual’s views of surrounding scenery, or significantly hindering the public atmosphere and environment. In the report we can find out many arguments supporting the ban of smoking in public places, there also exist a number of counter-arguments to this contention. Even as medical evidence has emerged that strongly demonstrates the detrimental health impacts of second-hand smoke, a number of civil rights activists have argued that this does not constitute a significant enough reason to restrict the rights of others. Indeed, a number of counter-arguments to smoking bans have emerged that list the restriction of human rights as a significant objection. In conclusion, this essay has considered arguments in favor and against banning smoking in public places. Supporting arguments have indicated that smoking in public holds significant negative medical impacts for both the smoker and individuals suffering from the secondhand smoke. Smoking is also demonstrated to cause significant air pollution. Counter-arguments to these claims contend that banning smoking is both an infringement on individual rights and bad for businesses. Ultimately, it’s demonstrated that banning smoking is the most socially responsible action to take, as this prohibition holds the greatest benefit for the greatest amount of people.

Biological Anthropology (Growth and Maturation) Essay

Biological Anthropology (Growth and Maturation) - Essay Example A more thorough examination could show that a propensity towards obesity is determined by genes, but genes alone cannot bring about the entire change. Moreover, the environment where in we subsist has been greatly transformed by culture (Hanson, 1981). How much we eat and even what we eat depends quite insignificantly upon the naturally arising food sources in the locality. Most people depend upon the availability of food at the grocery store, their food preferences, and their available money to buy food. These are cultural forces. The argument of this essay is that biological anthropologists has constantly studied comprehensively and rigorously traits that are readily observable, in this case body proportions, with the intention of proving that the environment influenced them less or possibly not at all. It has been quite simple to remove environmental factors in studying bodily proportions, but not at all simple to identify their form of inheritance in a majority of cases. Understanding the genotype from a relatively forced phenotype is more complicated when biological anthropologists take into account other features of bodily and facial appearance wherein the current diversity of human beings is evident. The capacity of the environment to modify the activities of those genes which set up the possibilities for human growth and maturation is well-documented. But the way in which they do so and level of environmental alteration are not practically quite well-known or understood hence it is important for academ ics to study this area of human evolution thru the lens of biological anthropology. This study will attempt to verify the argument put forth by initially discussing the theoretical perspective underlying it, which is the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium Model, and then analytical approaches and evidence on the subject matter will be identified and

Marketing Communication and Branding Essay Example for Free

Marketing Communication and Branding Essay Introduction After careful market research of some of the different phone markets in today’s industry; the market that was the most interest to the writer was the disability phone market. Of all the mobile phones researched, none were found to have Braille included; only speaking activated commands designed to send text messages as well as calling. The idea the writer proposes is a phone for the visually impaired which has a sole purpose for calling people. The keys will be fitted with Braille so that the individuals are able to effectively feel what number they are pressing. SOSTAC Situation Analysis Upon research it was found the size of the disability phone market is small in comparison to others, such as android where there are thousands of brands available. Around 360,000 people are registered blind or partially sighted in the UK (Action for Blind People, 2011), showing that, with the assumption that everyone needs a mobile phone in today’s society, the key segments that this brand will relate to are the 360,000 potential customers within the visual impairment mobile phone market. The key competing brands include Doro, an established competitor who supply a range of mobile phones for the disabled. They supply too many online retailers, ranging from handheld mobile phone to home landlines. Alternatively, Amplicom is another competitor who develops mobiles with large buttons, aimed at the visually impaired market. These competitors will be the toughest to compete with due to their experience and current market share; a large investment and money will be required to make sure that the proposed brand can gain a decent amount of market share. Porter’s five forces is an appropriate model which can be related to overcome such competition, due to its ability to â€Å"evaluate entry barriers, suppliers, customers, substitute products and industry rivalry† (Freitag, 2005). Furthermore Porter’s five forces can determine what the current market is for the brand, as well as the outlining any existing competitor’s positions in relation to the developing product. Moreover, it can also show how a firm’s stakeholders can influence the company with the use of bargaining power (Chee and Harris, 1998). This  information would be vital to obtain prior to the launch of the brand to reduce the chance of product failure. The macro-environmental factors will be implemented to the brand through PEST analysis; Political, Economical, Situational and Technological. Political factors which relate appropriately to the disability mobile phone market include the strict laws on the disposal of production materials such as batteries and any forms of radioactive waste, as well as any compulsory health and safety procedures during the production and contribution of the developing products. Breaking these rules could result in heavy penalties including fines and even the termination of the company in severe cases. Suitable economic factors include the assessment of the current poor financial climate. This leads to the assumption that it is currently not attractive to place investments as money is generally tight for most, reducing the overall customer base for the developing product. Example solutions for this could include enticing consumers with bargain phone prices or even reduced fixed monthly contract payments which will include a suitable amount of minutes for the target segment. Furthermore by offering all deals at lower end prices will suitably fit the market, as there can be a general assumption that those who are visually impaired may also fit well within the retirement market, a segment that generally has less money spare. Regarding social factors the main issue considered is ethics; relating to how products are developed and distributed, in addition to advertising techniques used to help promote the brand. Equal opportunities and fair working conditions should be issued to all employees involved in the development and promotion of the brand so that the product can represent diversity; relating appropriately to the disabled mobile phone market. Advertisements should be honest and not have any misleading content to confuse any consumers; and all information promoted will be fully implemented into the design of the mobile phone. Technological factors are by large the most relevant and important to consider within mobile phone industries. Due to the constant development of technology within the actual mobile phones, it is an competitive industry to be involved in. Nevertheless within the disability phone market the ‘look’ of the phone is a lesser important factor during purchasing; it is what the phone provides to the consumer to aid their special needs when contacting someone. Simple, up-to-date software is required so that all relevant  features are implemented, in addition to having an appropriately sized screen with higher contrast settings so that the visually impaired are able to read clearer. Large number buttons are essential so the Braille fits comfortably and the user is able to identify what number they want to press with ease. Objectives Here are three objectives that are going to be set for the new developing brand: * Increase awareness of the service in disabled people by 50% within 6 months * In three years time production costs should be reduced by 10% * In the next two years revenue should be approximately  £7 million These objectives act as sufficient targets and in turn will motivate staff and drive productively due to the time scaled that these objectives must be achieved. The chosen objectives all appropriately relate to the current disability phone market and the specific areas that could be improved, such as increasing the awareness of service for people with special needs. This could therefore encourage other companies to develop other suitable day-to-day products to suit their needs also, which could furthermore promote the idea of developing a whole new organisation specially aimed at designing products to aid people with special needs. Strategy The push/pull strategy involves creating demand from two aspects; push strategy involves the demand being created by the manufacturer’s distributers, and pull relates to the manufacturer creating demand via their own promotion techniques (Frazier and Summers, 2011). The brand will follow a pull strategy because it is envisioned that demand will be created through advertising and an effective, unique selling point. This is good because through a push strategy, it is sometimes required to distribute a higher volume of goods, which is better related to a mobile phone industry with a larger audience, unlike the niche, disabled market. Another benefit of this is that because the developing brand is unheard of an unproven; preventing stock piling of products if they are not sold, saving money. Although, a pull strategy will require a large investment for advertising, it is estimated that the cost of production and potential stock piling outweighs this in fiscal terms. Relating to the objectives, the pull strategy will aid  the accomplishment of said targets with the use of an advertising campaign, creating the demand that will create supply to the blind market. To engage the consumers, advertising campaigns will hosted at specific events which relate to the disability market, such as the Cambridge Disability Sport and Arts festival. By doing this it will allow the promotion of the developing product to be recognised and positively received by the disabled. This will allow potential consumers to try out the mobile phone and leave feedback regarding their thoughts and opinions. The Paralympics 2012 is taking place in London, an excellent occasion which can be related to individuals with special needs. It is a global event which promotes diversity of all sorts within the sponsoring organisations and sport activities; which can be related to the promotion of the brand’s developing product and encourage consumers to try it out to see if it can suit their needs. Combined, by implementing such advertising campaigns during the Paralympics and obtaining a respected and relatable celebrity sponsor can help achieve the completion of the increasing awareness objective. Additionally, after appropriate research, selling the phone at a competitive price will create demand; and furthermore help achieve the  £7 million revenue objective. To achieve the reduced in production costs objective, mass production will need to take place, which will effectively lower production costs, or even investing in a new technology to produce more units at a cheaper rate, over a period of time, may even reduce costs by 10%. Tactics Expanding further within the advertising campaigns aimed to help achieve the awareness and revenue objectives, this will include visual posters on noticeable areas of everyday life such as telephone boxes, buses, taxis and even billboards. To carry out ethical diversity promotions, the advertisements will also be located within care centres for the visually impaired, as well as any social and youth clubs to increase awareness. Radio adverts will also take place as it is fair to assume that a wide diversity range of people listen to the radio, allowing the promotion of the  developing product to all audiences. Any user feedback from testing the developing product will be noted down and kept for future improvement, allowing management to raise questions on how to improve the brand and image it represents to consumers. By doing so will potentially improve the awareness of the disability market as well as increasing the possibility of generating revenue due to the improvement of the product to suit the special needs. Ade Adepitan, a wheelchair basketball sportsman and TV presenter can be a suitable celebrity endorsement to help promote the product as he is someone the key segment can truly relate to will help achieve awareness and furthermore create a positive brand reputation which will create demand; and therefore revenue and profits. Issuing the mobile phone with a competitive price of  £60 is suitably competitive and will create demand; helping to achieve the  £7 million revenue objective if 116,666 units are sold within the 2 year time scale. Promoting this product in the UK only can help assess if the product is largely successful to its key segment, and after the 2 year objective is attained, further action can take place to help make the product go global. Lower production costs will occur if an appropriate manufacturer is found; who follows all ethical procedures the brand wants to promote, in addition to supplying the company with great production unit price rates so that the most possible revenue and profits can be generated. Furthermore, a ‘green policy’, known as a policy to help lead greener lives, can promote the brand to be extremely sufficient with its production, enticing customers and portraying the brand image to be ethical and fair. Nevertheless green policies are very expensive, which would mean that either a generous sponsor would have to be applied for, or even a loan would have to take place to implement such activities. Action Firstly, finance will have the overall responsibility of distributing budgets to all departments so that the entire production and launch of the new brand is successful. Once all budgets have been issued the marketing department will be able to effectively form a plan on when the launch will take place and what is proposed to take place during the entire duration. Within the marketing department a market research team will be organised so an investigation of production methods and price rates of manufacturers is performed, as well as making sure all ethical procedures the brand would like to follow are implemented. Relevant findings will be informed to the finance department to see if there are enough budgets to apply any new changes. All tasks taking place for the launch will be managed by a team leader – essential for the success of team member communication and task success. This will then be approved by a main, overall manager of the entire launch, so all task deadlines are met and workloads are of a high standard to boost the quality of the promotion. A time management tool named a Gantt chart will be implemented so all tasks are clearly shown, along with their time deadlines to help guide leaders and encourage team members to strive to complete a task to benefit the brand’s launch. This will be combined with a critical path analysis, where all shortest possible times in which tasks can be completed are shown to avoid delaying the entire launch. Example Critical Path Analysis, Source: http://tutor2u.net Example Gantt chart, Source: www.ganttchart.com/ Control Two things will effectively measure the growth of awareness and gather an accurate estimate. Firstly the sales records will be analysed. A growth in sales indicates the rise of awareness and any initial sales from year one indicate consumer’s knowledge of the product. A questionnaire will also be released to specific geographical locations and the results will give an indication as to how many people and how far spread the awareness of the branch has reached. An appropriate measure to identify whether or not the production costs have been reduced would be to look at energy bills to see if the change in production equipment or manufacturers has been an effective adjustment. To determine whether or not revenue will reach 7 million pounds can be monitored by customer loyalty and re-purchasing. A high customer re-purchase rate is a strong indicator that the brand is respected and trusted with their products and service. References Action for Blind People, (2011), Facts and figures about issues around sight loss, [online] available at: http://www.actionforblindpeople.org.uk/about-us/media-centre/facts-and-figures-about-issues-around-sight-loss/ [accessed 05/05/2012] Chee, H. and Harris, R., (1998), Global marketing strategy, London: Financial Times Pitman Publishing. Frazier, G. L. and Summer, J. O., (2011), Contemporary Views on Marketing Practice, [e-book] Marketing Classics Press. Available at: Google Books http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=eqn23RV52hECpg=PA217dq=push+pull+strategy+definitionhl=ensa=Xei=IHeqT7y9DIqw0QWDgOXlAwved=0CDYQ6AEwAA#v=onepageq=push%20pull%20strategy%20definitionf=false [accessed 24/04/2012] Freitag, N., (2005), Critical The Impact of Culture on International Marketing Plans and Review of the French Wine Industry, Munich: Grin Publishing, 1(1), p.15. GanttCharts, (2012), [image online] available at: http://www.ganttchart.com/gantt-chart-example.png [accessed 04/05/2012] Tutor2u, (2012), [image online] available at: http://t2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRKft-Y9gw7P3sIBXtcdKf4ot5R7Jqo_Pn-cUzg_bXwuovgXq1can7WpViQ0Q [accessed 01/05/2012] Bibliography Doro, (2011), [online] available at: http://www.doro.co.uk/products/Specialneeds/ [accessed 25/04/2012] Matobmobile, (2010), [online] available at: http://matobmobile.co.uk/index.php?id=elderly_mobile_phones [accessed 25/04/2012] Scribd, (2012), Pest Analysis, [online] available at: http://www.scribd.com/doc/58834389/Pest-Analysis-Nokia [accessed 21/04/2012]

Easyjet: Business Model Analysis

Easyjet: Business Model Analysis Easyjet.com EasyJet.com is one of the top travel web sites on the Internet. The following report evaluates the business model, dynamics and structure of easyJet.com. It also outlines the factors responsible for the company’s success including business focus, target market, corporate structure and e-business model. In doing so, the author also hopes to find out what are some of the important aspects of e-business that differentiate and benefit corporations in setting up e-commerce sites such as easyJet.com. Online travel sites have flocked the Internet in the recent years making travel much easier than before. With the number of online visitors rising every year, the travel market in Europe is estimated to reach Euro 20 billion by 2006 (Europemedia 2002). Success in this market is inherent in deliberate strategic e-business and e-commerce modelling. This is evidence in the following report on easyJet.com. Building e-business focused web content requires deliberate business as well as technological considerations. These range from the site outlook to the usability and structure of the web site (Dietel, Dietel and Nieto 2001). easyJet.com in terms of an online travel resource is a comprehensive web site designed to deliver a host of services without redundant graphics or advertisements to distract its visitors. This is because easyJet.com knows its audience: online visitors living in the continent of Europe looking for cheap, comfortable and comprehensive real time travel related deals without the hassle of third party agents. To serve this type of audience easyJet.com has designed a web site that has all information easily available in all the dominant languages of the region and segmented under different tabs of accommodation, car rental, travel insurance, airport related transport and flight booking to allow the visitor to go directly to required service. It also has sub tabs for easy access to schedules, timetables and rates etc. in real time. Each of these sections and sub sections are governed by moderate graphics to represent the services easyJet.com has to offer and links to the different web pages within its web site. Moderate use of text eliminates time wastage yet at the same time conveys accurate message to the audience to guide them to various links based on logical visitorâ₠¬â„¢s usage. For example a visitor booking a flight will first insert the date of travel, destination, and check for its availability; then moves on to make the final booking/purchase. There is enough information on each page to support the requirement of the visitor without abstract marketing banners to detract real buyers. Unlike its competitors web sites like www.lastminute.com or www.bahn.de, easyJet.com concentrates on usability and reliability of information (Nielson 1994) rather than visibility and colourful display alone. However, this is not to say that the web site lacks colours. The use of orange colour throughout the web site is consistent with easyJets own corporate colour code so that clients can associate with easyJet the airline company, which is a critical aspect of web site development (Nielson 1994). easyJet is a no-frills airline and it targets at the business and the leisure consumers. Likewise, easyJet.com also targets the business and leisure consumers who are not interested in dealing with third party intermediaries. The target audience is keen on saving time and money. For the business and frequent fliers, easyJet.com provides easy access to booking, scheduling of flights, accommodation and transportation. Amenities like choice of airport lounges or airport parking are important in making the process of travel booking complete. Realizing corporate need for discounted and group travel easyJet.com has reserved a section of its website for B2B transactions which offers unique packages especially for the business to business customers. On the other hand for the leisure individual travellers, easyJet.com also serves them with daily flights, hotel, insurance, airport transportation and such services and at the same time updates them with offers of the week, seasonal packages, and weekend deals which the consumers may avail whenever they like. Based on these target audiences and the kind of services offered, easyJet.com could be considered to be an ideal re-intermediation where the manufacturer/service provider (easyJet) is in direct contact with the consumers communicated through an electronic medium (Internet). This form of intermediation reduces cost through agency intermediation, customer service, networks and help in transforming the business to e-business corporate structure. Consequently, the company uses technology mediation to sell its products and services and create business value. The purpose of setting up an online business is to ensure growth, efficiency, competitive advantage and leverage over competitors. More importantly an e-business structure helps in deciding the direction of the business. easyJet.com initially followed an â€Å"e-manufacturer† business model as it had been the provider of online airline ticketing for UK residents (EasyJet Profile 2003). A manufacturer business model in e-commerce sense refers service providers who may or may not be in direct contact with the consumers. Being an e-manufacturer meant that easyJet.com has been able to cut down its supply chain to deal with its consumers directly. This is evidence in the fact that easyJet had sold approximately 90% of its flights online (EasyJet Profile 2003). However, as the company evolved its e-business model also changed to have become a travel related service â€Å"merchant†. This is evidence from the expansionary steps taken to include hotel and apartment booking services, car rental, airport lounges as well as parking services which are out of bound of easyJet.coms core product category. By subletting services of hotels, car rental and the like easyJet.com has become the intermediary and has been able to generate more profits, add value to its product offering and target more customer base (Afuh and Tucci 2002). easyJet.coms success could be attributed to management understanding of its business model and its function to the organizational structure. Given the constantly evolving business environment of today, easyJet and other businesses need to understand the dynamic nature of their organization and anticipate future business needs. Understanding and adopting business models are critical endeavours that enable the business to develop competitive advantage and add value to products and services (Eckersley, Harris and Jackson 2003). Understanding ones business model helps in reducing inefficient functions, redundancies and untargeted markets. It helps in designing and adopting new business model(s) that may be more attuned to the requirement and needs of the market by creating niches or segmentation. Especially on the internet, business models need to be evaluated constantly to match with the consumer demands and business environment need to sustain competitive edge (Bloch, Pigneur and Segev 1996). A flexible company or entrepreneur would be able to understand the need in keeping its e-business model dynamic and be able to anticipate change management as and when required. In the authors opinion this is critical for the success of any business whether online or offline because change management is important. Organization today have to take into consideration transaction cost, budgets, organizational design and its implications as well as the impact of change on the organization (Jones 2003). Considerations to these aspects mean that the entrepreneur or the management of the company needs to be flexible enough to react and implement change as required not for the benefit of being flexible but also for profitability’s sake. For example easyJet.com initially started out as a no-frill airline at the domestic level but it has been fast in adapting to the new e-business model of merchant/retailer for travel related services without compromising its core product and service. Co nsequently, it has been able to gain competitive advantage in the no-frill airline business before other organizations have been able to forecast its emergence. Thus, in my opinion organizations that do not capitalize on opportunity cost inherent in flexibility lose out in competitive advantage and therefore fail to add value to the products and services that they have to offer. Ultimately, it will lose out in the competition. The above report reflects easyJet.coms dynamic strategy for its online business model. Through its web site, easyJet has been able to secure one of the top positions among travel related web sites. Not only this but the structure, design, usability and usefulness of the website have enabled it to secure leverage over its competitors. More importantly, easyJet.com has incorporated flexibility in its e-business model which enables it to foresee change and develop strategies to counteract accordingly. Consequently it has become one of the most successful web sites on the Internet. References Afuah, A. and Tucci, C. 2002, Internet Business Models and Strategies: Text and cases, 2nd edition, McGraw Hill Author not available, 2002, Europeans flock to online travel sites. Europemedia. Amsterdam: Feb 14, 2002 Issue. Author not available, 2003, EasyJet Profile, BizEd, Accessed on 7-11-2005 from: http://www.bized.ac.uk/compfact/easyjet/easyindex.htm> Bloch M, Pigneur Y, Segev A 1996, ‘Leveraging Electronic Commerce for Competitive Advantage: a Business Value Framework’ 9th International Conference on EDI-IOS Bled, Slovenia. Deitel, Deitel Nieto, 2001, e-Business and e-Commerce: How to program, Prentice Hall. easyJet Official Website, Accessed on 7-11-2005 from: www.easJet.com> Eckersley, P. M, Harris, L. and Jackson, P. 2003, E-Business Fundamentals: Managing Organisations in the Electronic Age. Routledge: New York. Jones, G. 2003, Organizational Theory, Design, and Change, Fourth Edition, Prentice Hall. Nielson, J. 1994, Ten Usability Heuristics. In Nielsen, J., and Mack, R.L. (Eds.), Usability Inspection Methods, John Wiley Sons, New York, NY. Available at: http://www.useit.com/papers/heuristic/heuristic_list.html Phillips P. 2003, E-Business Strategy, McGraw-Hill. www.bahn.de www.lastminute.com

How the Colonization Era affected Authors Essay -- English Literature

How the Colonization Era affected Authors The atmosphere of which a writer adapts to affects his/her works. The writer's environment, and the churnings of history that feed the writer, gives him the material whereby he can construct, and create in. History, in this instance the colonization of the American continent, dictates what and how he is to write. Authors such as John Smith, William Bradford, and St. Jean de Crevecoeur are all examples of this. The atmosphere or society these authors were in directly affected the attitude, tone, genre, etc. of their works. This can be shown both by facts in history and their actual writings of that period. During the 17th century Pilgrims, which were a group of Separatist Puritans, disliked being in England and wanted to go to America for the right to practice their religion freely (and in 1620 they received a patent from Virginia which allowed them to settle in New England aboard the Mayflower). In 1606, King James I granted a charter authorizing overlapping grants of land in Virginia to two separate joint-stock companies, one based in London and the other in Plymouth. Captain John Smith planned to conquer New England's "goodly, strong, and well-proportioned (Indian) people" and establish an English colony there. He then led the Virginia Company of London to successfully establishing the colony. His work The General History of Virginia, New England, and the Summer Isles told about his colonization process and explorations, as he described America as a utopian society. As mentioned in his work, Smith maintained satisfactory relations with the Indians, as shown by his letter to Queen Anne when he says "That some ten years ago being in Virginia, and taken prisoner by the power of Powhatan their chief King, I received from this great savage exceeding great courtesy, especially from his son Nantaquaus. . . .And his sister Pocahontas, the King's most dear and well-beloved daughter, being but a child of twelve or thirteen years of age, whose compassionate pitiful heart, of my desperate estate, gave me much cause to respect her. . . ." Smith prevented Virginia from disintegrating. This is shown in his piece, as he tries hard to persuade people to come to America as shown by his statement "And surely by reason of those sandy cliffs, and cliffs of rocks . . . . who can but approve this a most excellent place, bo... ...erican slaves were worked very hard (many times they were worked to death). They were treated brutally and unfairly. Slavery was the biggest factor in economic prosperity because they cultivated the cash crops. The independence of the colonies was gained when, after a colonial conflict in reaction to British taxes like the Tea Act, the second continental congress declared independence and wrote the Declaration of Independence. Thus all of these events leading to the colonization of America influenced writing during, and after, that time period. The works of Smith, Bradford, and de Crevecoeur serve as a basis for future writings on the history of colonization. The atmosphere created in these works is reflected by the society during that time. That's why the environment an author is in so greatly affects his/her pieces of literature. For example, Smith might not be able to write many of the things he did in his work in today's time because today's society might oppose or disdain some of his ideas or his stylistic approach to his conclusions. Therefore, the society or setting present at a specific time is indicative of pieces of literature, as in the colonization of America.

Leadership Reflections: Building Relationships in the Workplace Essay

Based on assigned readings in Module 5 (â€Å"Colorado State University,† 2012), this journal entry reviews the author’s strategies as a change management consultant for building and improving relationships in client organizations. The discussion then considers the effectiveness of these strategies relative to the author’s workplace environment including the author’s approach for mitigating relationship issues in the event the strategies prove ineffective. Strategies for Building and Improving Relationships The effectiveness of a political navigator depends on strong interpersonal relationships built through competent communication and respectful action (Cialdini, 2001; Gilley, 2006; Lewicki, Barry, & Saunders, 2006). As Cummings and Worley (2009) observe, â€Å"Establishing a healthy relationship at the onset makes it more likely that the client’s desired outcomes will be achieved . . .† (p. 81). Therefore, as a consultant, the author predominantly relies on two sets of sequentially reinforcing strategies for initiating and creating synergistic client relationships. Strategies for Initiating Client Engagement The first set comprises four â€Å"initiating† strategies for influencing positive client engagement: displaying an engaging personality, identifying with clients, developing mutual interests, and practicing reciprocity. Displaying an engaging friendly personality – a prerequisite for building relationships (Cialdini, 2001; Gilley, 2006) – creates initial positive perceptions and helps establish personal rapport. Identifying with clients on their level (Gilley, 2006) by altering personal communication style, language, dress, and behaviors to match with their cultural norms, reinforces perceptions of the author’s willingness to ackn... ...anizations (pp. 2-4). Greenwood Village, CO: Author Cummings, T., & Worley, C. (2009). Organizational development & change (9th ed.). Mason, OH: South-Western Cengage Learning. Gilley, J. (2006). The manager as politician. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers. Kouzes J., & Posner, B. (2007). The leadership challenge (4th ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Lewicki, J. R., Barry, B., & Saunders, M. D. (2006). Negotiation: Readings, Exercises and Cases (5th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill. Schein, E. (2004). Organizational culture and leadership (3rd ed.). San Francisco: Jossey-Bass. Senge, P. (2006). The fifth discipline: The art & practice of the learning organization (revised ed.). New York: Random House. Vecchio, R. (Ed.). (2007). Leadership: Understanding the dynamics of power and influence in organizations (2nd ed.). Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press.

Market Orientation Assessment Essay

1.Customer Orientation Information about customer needs and requirements is collected regularly. DON’T KNOW (0) There is no statement in the article indicates that Psion has collected information about customer needs and requirements regularly. Our corporate objective and policies are aimed directly at creating satisfied customers. DON’T KNOW (0) Since there is no clear statement in the article whether Psion has collected information about customer needs and requirements regularly, the corporate objective and policies are also not clear if it aimed directly at creating satisfied customer. Levels of customer satisfaction are regularly assessed and action is taken to improve matters where necessary. DON’T KNOW (0) There is no statement in the article indicates that Psion regularly assess level of customer satisfaction and take action to improve matters where necessary. We put major effort into building stronger relationships with key customers and customer group. DON’T KNOW (0) The article did not indicate that Psion put major effort into building stronger relationship with their key customers and customer group. We recognize the existence of distinct groups or segments in our markets with different needs and we adapt our offering accordingly. AGREE (4) Psion saw that high-end organizer market was being invaded by new generation of smart-phones, those are phones with organizer capabilities built-in. Psion saw this as a market for integrated devices. Psion knew that their product as standalone organizer had a finite lifespan, thus Psion will create a connected device by did a strategic deal with Motorola to penetrate the market for integrated devices. It shows that Psion recognize the existence of distinct segment in the market with different needs and they create the connected devices to enter it. Total score for customer orientation: 4 Psion has questioned its future as a maker of handheld electronic organizers due to handheld market has changed too much by a new smart phone products which have functionality as organizer and a phone and also by cheaper organizers. However it seems there is no indication that Psion take any action to collect information from customer about current needs and requirements and put some effort to build stronger relationship with their major customers. Psion did read the signal of changes in the market through recent advertisement, instead. 2.Competitor Orientation Information about competitor activities is collected regularly. AGREE (4) Psion knows information about current activities of their competitors such as new products and excess capacity of the rivals. We conduct regular benchmarking against major competitor offerings. AGREE (4) Psion did evaluation about major competitor offering. There is rapid response to major’s competitor actions. AGREE (4) Psion apply strategic thrust to response the major’s competitor actions even it have fell through, and spent the last five months going through every option to see what other ways there were to preserve the strategic thrust. When Palm and Handspring done wrote off about $ 300m and make prices dived, Psion decide to pull out and will stop making handheld organizer but still continue to sell existing products. It shows Psion’s rapid response to what have done by the major competitors. We put major emphasis on differentiating ourselves from the competition on factors important to customers. DISAGREE (2) Psion do not put major emphasis on differentiating themselves from the competition on factors important to customers, described by Psion decision to stop making handheld and keep sell existing products. Total score for competitor orientation: 14 Psion knows information about current activities of their competitors, did evaluation about major competitor offering and response to major’s competitor’s action rapidly. However Psion do not put major emphasize on differentiation. 3.Long-Term Perspectives We place greater priority on long-term market share gain than short-run profit. DISAGREE (2) Psion still struggling to keep their existence and it makes them decide to put priority on making money. We put greater emphasis on improving our market performance than on improving internal efficiencies. DISAGREE (2) Psion decided to pull out and stop making handheld organizers even though they intend to keep exploiting the intellectual property it has gleaned from more than 20 years. Decisions are guided by long-term considerations rather than short-run expediency. AGREE (4) Psion decision to retain its 28 percent stake in Symbian and by the acquisition of Teklogix to move to the enterprise wireless market as a less risky market is clearly based on long-term consideration. Total score for long-term perspectives: 8 Due to currently struggling to keep their existence, Psion decided to put priority on making money compare than put priority on long-term market share and improving market performance. However decisions are guided by long-term consideration by move to les risky market. 4.Interfunctional Coordination Information about customer is widely circulated and communicated throughout the organization. DON’T KNOW (0) There is no indication about this matter in the article. The different department in the organization work effectively together to serve customer needs. DON’T KNOW (0) There is no indication about this matter in the article. Tension and rivalries between departments are not allowed to get in the way of serving customers effectively. AGREE (4) The article do not indicates clearly about tension and rivalries between department of Psion, but the article mentioned that there is provisional revenues from the combined enterprise division between Psion and Teklogix which shows that combined enterprise division expected to work closely without tension and rivalries each other to serve customers effectively and meet the expectation of revenues. Our organization is flexible to enable opportunities to be seized affectively rather than hierarchically constrained. DON’T KNOW (0) There is no indication about this matter in the article. Total score for interfunctional coordination: 4 5.Organizational Culture All employees recognize their role in helping to create satisfied end customers. DON’T KNOW (0) There is no indication about this matter in the article. Reward structures are closely related to external market performance and customer satisfaction. DON’T KNOW (0) There is no indication about this matter in the article. Senior management in all functional areas give top importance to creating satisfied customers. DON’T KNOW (0) Senior management meetings give high priority to discussing issues that affect customer satisfaction. DISAGREE (2) From the article, the most important issue is about strategic management to survive and keep the existence of the company, thus we conclude that  management meetings give high priority to discussing these issues instead of issued that affect customer satisfaction. Total score for organizational culture: 2 Total Score: 32 The highlight is on the struggle and effort made by company to stay alive, it tried to find new cooperation with other company to win over new market, decided to abandon the old market and focus on the less risk market In overall, they have lack market orientation that enables them to keep performing well in the respective market. It focused on the competitors instead on their customers, Psion saw the situation as failing without any hope, which maybe correct but maybe if they have taken another path , we may see the market of handheld product differently today

Environmental Issues in Pakistan

What is Environmental Ethics? Environmental ethics is a branch of environmental philosophy that studies the ethical relationship between human beings and environment. It has given a new dimension to the conservation of natural resources. What are major Ethical Environmental Issues? The issues which cause dangers to environment with a moral perspective in them are known as ethical environmental issues. Environment has a direct or indirect effect on the way we live and ethical environmental issues arise when we ignore this fact.Hence we ought to protect our environment and solve the ethical environmental issues our earth is facing now-a-days. There are many ethical environmental issues some of them are stated below: 1. Green-house Effect. 2. Ozone Depletion. 3. Air Pollution. 4. Acid Rain. 5. Urban Run-off. 6. Land Pollution. 7. Deforestation. 8. Nuclear Development. 1. Greenhouse Effect Any gas in the atmosphere that absorbs and emits radiations in the thermal infrared range is called a greenhouse gas.The greenhouse effect is a process by which thermal radiation from a planetary surface is absorbed by atmospheric greenhouse gases, and is re-radiated in all directions. This process repeats over and over again, trapping the radiations in the atmosphere. This is one of the major causes of global warming. Consequences: Global warming is causing the Earth to lose its snow cover; glaciers are melting, the sea-level is rising, and a lot of arctic floral and faunal species are on the verge of extinction. 2. Ozone Depletion The ozone enveloping around the Earth is depleting in volume consistently since 1980s.This is largely due to the effect of halocarbon refrigerants (such as CFC, halons, freons, etc. ). Halocarbons (being lighter than other gases in the atmosphere) rise much higher in the atmosphere. They then photodissociate to give atomic halogens. These atoms catalyze the destruction of the ozone gas. Consequences: Depletion of the ozone can practically threaten hum an life, and life of other animals as well. The ozone layer protects us from UV rays of the sun; without the ozone layer, everyone would be susceptible to a number of skin diseases, including skin cancer. . Air Pollution Air pollution is probably one of the most dangerous effect on the environment since we cannot control the air we breathe. Vehicular traffic, smog created by the smoke emitted by vehicles and factories, volatile organic compounds, present primarily in paints and varnishes and refrigerants, all contribute to air pollution. Consequences: Air pollution affects everything; it affects plants, animals and humans. According to WHO, poor indoor air quality can lead to respiratory infections, coronary diseases, and even lung cancer.If all this is happening indoors, imagine what is happening outside. 4. Acid Rain Gases like carbon dioxide, nitrogen oxide, sulphur dioxide can react with water to produce corresponding acids. When this happens in the atmosphere, we get rain that is of acidic. The gases mentioned above are released into the atmosphere by certain natural processes like lightning, volcanoes, etc. However, the amount of these gases released due to factories, vehicles and different industries surpasses that produced naturally. It goes beyond a level that can be tolerated by nature.Consequences: Acid rains cause stone, rocks, steel, metal to erode and paint to peel off. This means monuments, statues, bridges, buildings, all are at a risk. It also damages the skin. 5. Urban Run-off Urban run-off refers to the rainwater running off land and into water bodies. This is a natural process. However, with ever-increasing urbanization, this process affects water bodies adversely, because the run-off now carries all sorts of compounds, chemicals and particulate matter. Materials that cannot be gotten rid of are being added to wastewater and, ultimately, to water.Consequences: Urban run-off causes deposition of oil, gasoline, garbage, heavy metals (nickel, copper, lead, zinc etc. ), fertilizers and pesticides (from gardens and lawns), synthetic organic compounds, etc. ; all of which ultimately enters the food chain and causes number of health complications. It also causes destruction of Marine population. 6. Land pollution Land pollution is where our land may be as far as being contaminated. All of the bad toxic chemicals and waste, that is left or dumped on our land, causes it to become polluted.It includes trash from homes, commercial establishments, and industrial facilities, food wastes, paper, glass, textiles, and plastic objects. The toxic materials that pollute the soil can get into the human body directly by coming into contact with the skin, being washed into water sources like reservoirs and rivers, eating fruits and vegetables that have been grown in polluted soil, breathing in polluted dust or particles. Consequences: It causes problems in the respiratory system and on the skin. It also leads to birth defects and also caus es various kinds of cancers. . Deforestation Deforestation is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest use. Wood is a necessity and the humans need to use it. But the improper planning about forestation and new planting of trees, we are facing a severe crisis of the lack of trees. Trees are very important as they make oxygen and serve many other important purposes too. But we may face a serious shortage of trees in the years to come due to the way forests are continued to disappear (at the rate of 14 million hectares per year).Consequences: Deforestation results in less biodiversity, soil erosion, animals lose their habitat, more Global Warming because there would be less trees to collect carbon dioxide etc. 8. Nuclear Development Nuclear development is, however, beneficial but it has very much harmful aspects as well. The nuclear rods that we use in producing energy are very radioactive. They have a very long decaying period a nd hence cause threats to our environment. Consequences: It has positive consequences in the form of meeting the energy crises.On the other hand, the most alarming aspect of nuclear development are the prospective nuclear accidents that can take place. It can cause different types of cancers, many disabilities by birth, problems in the process of photosynthesis etc. Solutions to Major Ethical Environmental Issues The problems that we are facing are very serious and need to be solved at the earliest possible time. Some of the solutions that we can could come up with, keeping in view indigenous resources, behaviour of people, environmental legislation etc.So here are some of the solutions to the above mentioned problems. 1. Arranging Seminars for Awareness Arranging seminars can be very beneficial for communication with people and educating them about the various ethical environmental issues that we are facing. Such type of seminars should be held in educational institutions and indus tries to educate students, workers and other people about the graveness of these issues so that they may be understood and solved. 2. Three REs (Reduce, Recycle and Reuse)We should try to reduce the use of substances like plastic that causes environmental pollution and are recycleable. Consumption of natural resources should be made limited to as less as possible. Reducing deforestation and trying to use the recycled and other materials. 3. Abstaining from Clourofloro carbons A Harmfulness of clourofluoro carbons should be understood by the society as its increasing amount is a threat to ozone layer. People should be educated at lower scale so they may realize the importance of ozone layer.Chlorofluoro carbons are presents in some kinds of refrigeration processes, solvents, foams, aerosols etc. 4. Reducing Pollution Modernization of our societies has widely increased different types of pollution. With the increasing number of automobiles and industries, pollution has been widely inc reased. Smoke of automobiles causes air pollution. Wastes of industries are discharged into the rivers polluting the water and the land it passes by. A regular checking should be done on particularly industries to see whether they are safely discharging the wastes or not.Also, we should use the substances that causes less pollution and discharge our waste substances properly at the proper place. 5. Role of Media In the modern era, media has a very strong role in educating people and moulding their thinking into a specific direction. Highly qualified professionals should use the facility of media to bring awareness to the people about ethical environmental issues through documentaries, talk-shows and other programs. Children can be get attracted through cartoons and other children programs. References ? http://www. tutorvista. om/english/global-warming-causes ? http://socyberty. com/issues/greenhouse-gases-everyonesproblem/ ? http://maria79. tumblr. com/ ? http://www. atsdr. cdc. gov /general/theair. html ? http://www. cheatdiary. com/collegeessay/harmful-effects-of-ozonelayer-depletion/ ? http://www. udel. edu/chem/C465/senior/fall97/acid_rain/senior. html ? http://www. geography. learnontheinternet. co. uk/topics/taiga. html ? http://www. ec. gc. ca/inre-nwri/default. asp? lang=En&n=235D11EB1&offset=12&toc=hide ? http://wiki. answers. com/Q/What_are_the_consequences_of_land_ pollution

Case Management Review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Case Management Review - Essay Example Either way, the result is the same for both instances with single or multiple cortical infarction. Large vessel atherosclerosis starts as fatty layers in the arteries which harden into plaque as a person gets older. The development from fatty streak or layer to an unstable plaque may start off as a response to an endothelial injury which may cause an inflammatory response (Gilman, 2007). This response starts off with inflammatory cell migration, lipid deposition, and smooth muscle cell proliferation. After which, different events occur which then cause instability of the plaque, plaque rupture, platelet aggregation, and cause the formation of thrombus – eventually leading to infarction. Infarcts in particular areas of the brain may then contribute to the cognitive impairment of the patient (Gilman, 2007). In the patient’s case, the part of her brain which is attributed to her memory has been affected, thereby causing her memory impairment, decreasing her capacity for ne w learning and causing her disorientation. Her other functions are intact as she is able to manage writing tasks, difficult and complex activities, as well as basic problem solving. Based on some patient’s aging processes, they also suffer from cognitive sequences which are not dependent on structural lesions in the brain (Gilman, 2007). â€Å"Such people, by virtue of their age, may be more prone to hypoperfusion injury of critical areas of the brain such as the hippocampus of the basal ganglia† (Gilman, 2007, p. 229). In this patient, her cognitive impairment may be attributed to such hypoperfusion injury. Area of concern: Total hip fracture The patient underwent hip replacement when her hips were injured by a fall. This surgical procedure is conducted in order to replace the femoral neck with a metal alloy or any other material. These are common injuries among the elderly, especially those with osteoarthritis, compromised sight, and those using drowse-inducing medic ations (Jackson, et.al., 2009). This type of surgery can only be carried out as an inpatient surgery with its related preoperative and postoperative processes. The patient must therefore be oriented about the surgery and the preparations he must undergo in order to ensure a successful surgery and postoperative process. Following the surgical procedure is the immediate rehabilitation in order to ensure that the patient would regain strength in his injured hips (Paul and Peterson, 2002). A major part of the surgery is walking, sitting, and standing independently. During the physical therapy sessions, the nurse is obliged to assist the therapist in ensuring that the patient is safe during the exercises and that she can later carry out these exercises with the patient even without the assistance of the therapist (Meiner, 2005). The first part of the therapy would involve the safe and proper use of the walker. It also involves the process of learning how to safely sit from a lying positi on, how to stand from a sitting position, and how to walk safely with the crutches or cane (Landefeld, 2004). It is also the nurse’s duty to clear the area where the patient usually walks and to ensure that there are no barriers which would trip the patient or which would block the conduct of his therapeutic activities. The nurse must also learn the different exercises which the patient can safely carry out in order to ensur

Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 41

Assignment Example The correct sentence is: â€Å"Are Dan’s children’s teachers’ using this book to its full potential?† 12. Page 431 of our handbook says that pronouns referring to indefinite pronouns should be accurate in number. In the sentence, everyone and no one are singular indefinite pronouns, so the pronouns referring to them should be singular. The correct sentence is: â€Å"Everyone should leave his or her books on my desk, but no one should leave his or her pencils on my desk.† 13. Page 475 of our handbook says that commas are before coordinating conjunctions. The commas are not used correctly in the sentence, and the correct sentence is, â€Å"We went to the game and had a good time, but my brother, a student at MSU, fell out of the stands.† 16. Page 481 of our handbook says that semi-colons are used to separate items in a series that might be confusing if commas alone were used. The correct sentence is, â€Å"I plan to visit Detroit, Michigan; Chicago, Illinois; Toledo, Ohio and Springfield, Missouri. 17. Page 511 of our handbook says that appropriate common abbreviations should be used, but some terms should be spelled out. The correct sentence is, â€Å"Mr. Smith is from Michigan. He lives on Maple Boulevard. He is not in his office any Tuesday in

Marketing Planning and Strategy (Ethical Challenge) 1 Assignment

Marketing Planning and Strategy (Ethical Challenge) 1 - Assignment Example ntation may however target physically disabled people and people with health problems in order to determine involved costs and risk in product delivery for determining prices. This may harm members of the target population by subjecting them to higher prices based on their special needs. Raju (2009) argues that segmentation helps to meet needs of special groups but the associated disadvantage of cost may lead to greater harm than if products were offered without segmentation and prices remained uniform. In addition, such segmentation may for a basis for identification of the challenges facing the groups and therefore expose them to stigma. Consequently, targeting the physically disabled or people with help problems, with the aim of meeting their special needs at higher costs, are a violation of ethical practices. Targeting the segments in insurance coverage is an example. The segmentation may induce higher cover cost and limit the group’s ability to afford cover and access car e. In addition, the segmentation may create the impression that the segment have poor health and induce stigma against members of the segment to worsen their welfare through induced emotional instability (Brenkert and Beauchamp,